Wisconsin needs a strategic clean energy development plan that implements smart policies and practices to capture readily achievable environmental, public health and economic development benefits. This sustainable development strategy is good for the environment and the economy. The Clean Energy Development Plan proposes policies to implement underutilized energy efficiency technologies and to aggressively develop renewable energy resources. By diversifying a power supply that has relied on old, highly polluting coal and nuclear plants, Wisconsin will reduce pollution, improve electricity reliability, create new "green" manufacturing and installation jobs, and provide renewable energy "cash crops" for farmers. The Clean Energy Development Plan provides the strategies to achieve these goals.

Wisconsin can seize the opportunity to develop its clean energy resources: modern energy efficiency technologies and wind, biomass and solar power. The Clean Energy Development Plan achieves large environmental, public health and economic development benefits with only modest increases in cost. Moreover, investing in energy efficiency and renewable energy will diversify the region's electricity portfolio, thereby improving reliability.

1. Aggressively implements the newest, as well as "tried and true," energy efficiency technologies.
2. Develops and implements renewable energy technologies - wind, biomass and solar power - so that they provide eight percent of the region's electricity generation by 2010, and 22 percent by 2020.
3. Develops and implements efficient natural gas uses in appropriate locations, especially combined heat and power (CHP), district energy systems and fuel cells, so that they provide 10 percent of the region's electricity generation by 2010, and 25 percent by 2020.
4. Retires selected older, less efficient and highly polluting coal plants.
5. Applies sustainable development strategies to aggressively link environmental improvement policies to economic development.

As Figure 1 shows, implementing the Clean Energy Development Plan in Wisconsin means:

1. Energy efficiency measures reduce electricity demand, and therefore the need for generation.
2. Generation from renewable resources and efficient natural gas increases.
3. Generation from older, less efficient and highly polluting coal plants decreases.

1. Dramatic improvements in environmental quality by 2020, compared to business-as-usual practices, by reducing: sulfur dioxide (SO2) pollution, which causes acid rain, by 55 percent; nitrogen oxide (NOX) pollution, which causes smog, by 72 percent; and carbon dioxide (CO2) pollution, which causes global warming, by 53 percent.
2. Improved electricity reliability thanks to a diversified power portfolio.
3. Economic development and job growth through wind and biomass power "cash crops" for farmers, increased business for energy efficiency and renewable energy manufacturers, and new skilled jobs in installation and maintenance of this equipment.

Wisconsin has tremendous opportunities to invest in energy efficiency technologies that will reduce pollution, save money, and create jobs. This will produce the benefits summarized below.

1. Reduces net electricity costs by $468 million by 2020.
2. Saves 23,895 GWh of electricity - equal to about eight large power plants - by 2020.
3. Reduces electricity demand by 16 percent in 2010 and 28 percent by 2020.
4. Costs less - at an average investment of 2.2¢/kWh - than generating, transmitting and distributing electricity from power plants.

Wisconsin has the opportunity to develop wind, biomass and solar power, which offer environmental benefits, improved reliability, and economic development in the growing renewable energy business sector. Furthermore, Wisconsin has great potential to develop new efficient generators, such as CHP, using natural gas. Together, the opportunities shown in Figure 3 could supply 17 percent of Wisconsin's generation capacity by 2010, and 41 percent by 2020.

The Clean Energy Development Plan can be realized at a modest cost, as energy efficiency savings offset the cost of new generation. In Wisconsin, it would increase overall electricity costs by about 1.5 percent in 2010, and 3.4 percent in 2020.

Smart policies can overcome the many market and regulatory barriers that energy efficiency and renewable resources face. Wisconsin has already adopted some policies to promote clean power options, but more must be done to succeed. The key policy actions to achieve the Clean Energy Development Plan are to:

1. Increase Wisconsin's Energy Efficiency Investment Fund to 0.3¢/kWh.
2. Evaluate and update Wisconsin's efficiency standards and building codes. Establish or reinforce monitoring and enforcement practices.
3. Modify Wisconsin's Renewables Portfolio Standard so that the percentage requirement reaches eight percent by 2010 and 20 percent by 2020.
4. Ensure that transmission pricing policies and power pooling practices treat renewable resources fairly and account for their intermittent nature, remote locations, or smaller scale.
5. Remove barriers to clean distributed generation by: (1) establishing standard business and interconnection terms; (2) establishing uniform safety and power quality standards to facilitate safe and economic interconnection to the electricity system; and (3) applying clean air standards to small distributed generation sources, thereby promoting clean power technologies, and discouraging highly polluting diesel generators.